The place of government regulation of the industry of information technologies in Russia and the world

The article examines the evolution of state regulation of the information technology industry in Russia from 1994 to the present. Four key stages are identified: from the formation of the regulatory framework to the modern mobilization model focused on technological sovereignty. A comparative analysis of the American, European and Chinese regulatory models is carried out. The study reveals that the Russian approach has evolved towards the Chinese model, combining state control and support for domestic developments, but differs in its reactive nature driven by sanctions pressure, which has led to a shift in emphasis from liberalization to ensuring national security.